Ballybough (Irish: An Baile Bocht, “the poor town”) is an inner city district of northeast Dublin city, Ireland. Situated north of the Summerhill Parade /N.C.R. intersection to Drumcondra and east of the N.C.R. to the River Tolka at Fairview, adjacent areas include the North Strand and Clonliffe. Before its urbanization in the late 19th century, Ballybough was known as Mud Island, owing to its proximity to the mud flats that now form Fairview and environs. In 2013, Dublin City councillor Nial Ring started a controversial campaign to change the official Irish name from Baile Bocht to Baile Bog, on the grounds that ‘Poor Town’ was insulting to the residents. A counter-campaign was started by some Irish-speaking residents.

There is an old Jewish cemetery, Ballybough Cemetery, on Fairview Strand near Ballybough Bridge (now renamed Luke Kelly Bridge) — the bridge that formed the central point of the Battle of Clontarf.[1] Inspired by this cemetery Dublin poet Gerry McDonnell wrote his collection of poetry, ‘Mud Island Elegy’, on the Jewish community of Ireland in the 19th century.